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Google Cloud Certified Professional Cloud Database Engineer · Google Cloud
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https://www.pgbouncer.org/faq.html says pgbouncer cannot handle multi-host configs, so B is out. C is out because there's nothing involving HTTP, D is out because the auth proxy does not provide connection pooling.
Cloud SQL doesn't provide load balancing between replicas. You can choose to implement load balancing for your Cloud SQL instance. You can also use connection pooling to distribute queries across replicas with your load balancing setup for better performance. https://cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/replication#:~:text=Cloud%20SQL%20doesn't%20provide,balancing%20setup%20for%20better%20performance.&text=You%20can't%20configure%20maintenance%20windows%20on%20a%20read%20replica.
Should be A. Pgbouncer needs a load balancer or DNS roundrobin in front of it to operate. It can't route the traffic to multiple hosts without it. C, D are wrong.