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Google Cloud Certified Professional Cloud Architect · Google Cloud
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L7 vs. L4 Load Balancing: An Ingress resource is used for Layer 7 (HTTP/S) load balancing. It provides native support for SSL/TLS termination, URL-based routing, and multiple certificates on a single IP address. A Service of type LoadBalancer (Option B) typically creates a Layer 4 Network Load Balancer, which is less suited for advanced HTTPS features like path-based routing or managed SSL certificates. Holistic Scaling: To handle varying demand, you need two layers of scaling: Horizontal Pod Autoscaler (HPA): Dynamically increases or decreases the number of Pod replicas based on metrics like CPU utilization.
Cluster Autoscaler: Automatically adds or removes worker nodes (VMs) in the cluster when Pods cannot be scheduled due to insufficient resources or when nodes are underutilized. Native Management: In GKE, you should manage scaling through Kubernetes-native objects (HPA/Cluster Autoscaler) rather than directly interacting with the underlying Compute Engine instance groups (Options C and D), as GKE automates the synchronization between these layers.
A. It explains it right in here in the docs. https://docs.cloud.google.com/kubernetes-engine/docs/concepts/ingress