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ISACA Certified Information Systems Auditor · Isaca
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Detective controls are designed to identify and alert about errors. Checksums work by verifying the integrity of data. After data is transmitted or stored, the checksum can be recalculated and compared to the original to detect any tampering or corruption. In contract preventive controls aim to stop incidents before they happen. So checksums help detect issues, not prevent them.
The checksum is a value calculated to test the reliability of the data, and B is correct because this is an error detection control.
B. Detective Control