ISACA Certified Information Systems Auditor Practice Mode

Community Discussion

Written by other learners. Comments can disagree with the marked answer — check the official documentation when in doubt.

• Chose D1

  About “numerical vs binary” Internally it's binary, but in exam wording: “Numerical representation” = acceptable description of hash output “Binary image of the file” = misleading (sounds like a copy of the file, not a digest)

• Chose A1

  Apparently per Chat GPT: The correct answer is: A. the same hashing algorithm as the sender’s to create a binary image of the file. ✅ Explanation: • When a sender transmits a message along with its hash value, the receiver must verify the message’s integrity by hashing the received message with the exact same hashing algorithm used by the sender. • This generates a hash (a binary image / fixed-length output). • The receiver then compares this locally generated hash with the one received. • If both match, integrity is confirmed. If not, the message was altered. 👉 Using a different hashing algorithm (options B or C) would produce a completely different hash output, making verification impossible. 👉 “Numerical representation” (option D) is misleading because hashing produces a binary/fixed-length digest, not a raw numerical conversion.

• Chose D1

  In point of view CISA auditor, answer is D, A is very confused