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Microsoft Certified: Azure Solutions Architect Expert · Microsoft
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Azure Application Gateway can load balance traffic to multiple backend servers or virtual machines, including those in different regions. However, you need to consider the following: The virtual machines should be in the same virtual network or in a peered virtual network. The virtual machines should be in the same subscription as the Application Gateway. The virtual machines should have a public IP address or be accessible through a virtual private network (VPN). To load balance traffic to virtual machines in different regions, you can create a backend pool in the Application Gateway and add the IP addresses or FQDNs of the virtual machines to the pool. Then, you can create a rule to route traffic to the backend pool. The Application Gateway will automatically distribute the traffic to the available virtual machines based on the load balancing algorithm you choose..
B. No While Azure Application Gateway is a powerful tool for handling application traffic at the application layer and can assist with routing, load balancing, and other functions, it operates within a single region. It doesn't automatically provide geo-redundancy across multiple Azure regions. For redundancy across regions, Azure Traffic Manager or Azure Front Door would be more suitable. They operate at the DNS level and are designed to route traffic across different regions for high availability and failover purposes. So, in this case, deploying two Azure virtual machines to two Azure regions and deploying an Azure Application Gateway would not fully meet the stated goals due to the lack of a regional failover strategy.
If Q3 is Yes, then this one should be Yes. Application Gateway can use VNet peering.