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Google Cloud Certified Associate Data Practitioner · Google Cloud
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now we can use a pu/sub directly with simple transformations as toUpperCase with Transform message from pub/sub before it heates big query and without the need for dataflow and UDF schema , this is being the standerd for 2026
Pub/Sub with UDF is having least coding overhead
Cloud Run is not minimal code (or recommended for Data Pipelines) A scheduled job is not "near realtime" So the answer is Dataflow with a UDF which gives a scalable managed solution with minimal code