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Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) · Cisco
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C. Obtain VLAN Information CDP can reveal the native VLAN and VTP domain of directly connected Cisco switches. This helps administrators detect VLAN mismatches and troubleshoot segmentation issues. D. Verify Layer 2 Connectivity Because CDP operates at Layer 2, it works even when Layer 3 (IP) is down. This makes it a powerful tool for diagnosing physical and data link layer problems, especially when ping or traceroute fails.
When it comes to these types of multiple choice exams, avoid playing the "what if" game. Read the question, the whole question, and nothing but the question. Do not add to and do not take away. Telnet is not a secure protocol, but the question is not testing you on that, it is asking to find out if you know what information you can get using CDP. What you do with that information later, whether it works or not, is irrelevant to what information you got from CDP.
What if telnet is blocked on that IP address. Would you allow telnet on a CDP advertised IP address? That sounds like bad security practice.