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D as it is used in encryption to increase complexity to a password. Key stretching is related to increasing length of password, Data masking is hiding a portion of data like in credit card
D. Salting - a one-way data transformation algorithm refers to a hashing function. Salting adds random data BEFORE hashing to increase complexity. Salting prevents rainbow table attacks, and hash reuse across identical passwords. Key Stretching repeats hashing, hashing the password, then hashing the hash, and hashing the hashed hash, and so forth.
Salting is correct: it involve to add random string of character to make hash value different for same input. Example if two users pick same password then hash value will be same but adding salting make those hash values different.